Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 93
Filter
1.
Acta cir. bras ; 36(7): e360707, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1339005

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose To clarify the best protocol for performing remote ischemic conditioning and to minimize the consequences of ischemia and reperfusion syndrome in brain, the present study aimed to evaluate different time protocols and the relation of the organs and the antioxidant effects of this technique. Methods The rat's left femoral artery was clamped with a microvascular clamp in times that ranged from 1 to 5 minutes, according to the corresponding group. After the cycles of remote ischemic conditioning and a reperfusion of 20 minutes, the brain and the left gastrocnemius were collected. The samples were used to measure glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase levels. Results In the gastrocnemius, the 4-minute protocol increased the catalase concentration compared to the 1-minute protocol, but the latter increased both glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase compared to the former. On the other hand, the brain demonstrated higher catalase and glutathione peroxidase in 5-minute group, and the 3-minute group reached higher values of glutathione reductase. Conclusions Remote ischemic conditioning increases brain antioxidant capacity in a time-dependent way, while muscle presents higher protection on 1-minute cycles and tends to decrease its defence with longer cycles of intermittent occlusions of the femoral artery.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Antioxidants , Brain , Glutathione Peroxidase , Ischemia
2.
Acta cir. bras ; 36(9): e360903, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1345025

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate if the perconditioning affects the antioxidant capacity in mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion injury. Methods: Twenty-one Wistar rats were assigned into three groups, as follows: Sham, IR and rPER. The animals were subjected to mesenteric ischemia for 30 min. rPER consisted of three cycles of 5-min hindlimb ischemia followed by 5 min hindlimb perfusion at the same time to mesenteric ischemic period. After 5 minutes, blood and 5 cm of terminal ileum were harvested for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) measurement. Results: rPER technique was able to reduce intestinal tissue TBARS levels (p<0.0001), but no statistic difference was observed in blood levels between groups, although it was verified similar results in rPER and Sham group. rPER technique also enhanced TEAC levels in both blood (p = 0.0314) and intestinal tissue (p = 0.0139), compared to IR group. Conclusions: rPER appears as the most promising technique to avoid IR injury. This technique reduced TBARS levels in blood and intestinal tissue and promoted the maintenance of antioxidant defense in mesenteric acute injury.


Subject(s)
Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Mesenteric Ischemia , Rats, Wistar , Ischemia , Antioxidants
3.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eRW5160, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133762

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Adiponectin, among other diverse adipokines, is produced in greater quantity and has an effect on the adipose tissue and other tissues in the body. Adiponectin plays three main roles: regulatory metabolic and sensitizing function of insulin in the liver and muscles; it acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine and in vascular protection, besides important cardiac protection in the presence of ischemia-reperfusion syndrome. Since many situations resulting from traumatic accidents or pathologies are due to cell damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion syndrome, it is relevant to study new therapeutic alternatives that will contribute to reducing these lesions. The objective of this study is to carry out a literature review on the role of adiponectin in ischemia-reperfusion syndrome.


RESUMO A adiponectina, em meio a outras diversas adipocinas, é a produzida em maior quantidade e exerce efeitos no próprio tecido adiposo e em outros diversos tecidos do organismo. Dentre suas funções, a adiponectina apresenta três principais papéis: função metabólica regulatória e sensibilizadora da insulina no fígado e nos músculos atua como citocina anti-inflamatória e vasculoprotetora, além de exercer importante fator cardioprotetor na presença da síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão. Visto que inúmeras situações decorrentes de acidentes traumáticos ou patologias recaem no dano celular causado pela síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão, observa-se a importância de estudar novas alternativas terapêuticas que venham a contribuir para a diminuição dessas lesões. O objetivo do presente estudo é realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o papel da adiponectina na síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Reperfusion Injury , Adiponectin/metabolism , Ischemia/metabolism , Adipose Tissue , Cytokines , Metabolic Syndrome
4.
J. vasc. bras ; 19: e20190129, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1135122

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Ischemia-reperfusion injury contributes to morbidity after revascularization procedures. Along with early reperfusion, tissue conditioning by alternating intervals of brief ischemia-reperfusion episodes is considered the best approach to limit tissue damage. Remote ischemic conditioning is conducted remotely, in tissues other than those under ischemia. Despite this, remote ischemic conditioning protection mechanisms are poorly understood, which can lead to misapplication. Objectives To assess whether remote ischemic conditioning works in the heart and brain through enhancement of cells' antioxidant defenses and whether the response is sustained or temporary. Methods Twenty-one male Wistar rats were assigned to three groups (n = 7): SHAM: same procedure as the other groups, but no remote ischemic conditioning was carried out. RIC 10: heart and brain were harvested 10 minutes after the remote ischemic conditioning protocol. RIC 60: heart and brain were harvested 60 minutes after the remote ischemic conditioning protocol. The remote ischemic conditioning protocol consisted of 3 cycles of 5 min left hindlimb ischemia followed by 5 min left hindlimb perfusion, lasting 30 min in total. Heart and brain samples were used to measure the tissue antioxidant capacity. Results Remote ischemic conditioning increased heart and brain antioxidant capacity after 10 minutes (0.746 ± 0.160/0.801 ± 0.227 mM/L) when compared to SHAM (0.523 ± 0.078/0.404 ± 0.124 mM/L). No enhancement of heart or brain antioxidant capacity was detected 60 minutes after remote ischemic conditioning (0.551 ± 0.073/0.455 ± 0.107 mM/L). Conclusions Remote ischemic conditioning temporarily enhances heart and brain antioxidant defenses in male Wistar rats.


Resumo Contexto A lesão de isquemia e reperfusão contribui para a morbidade após procedimentos de revascularização. Juntamente com a reperfusão precoce, o condicionamento tecidual através de breves episódios de isquemia e reperfusão é considerado a melhor abordagem para limitar o dano tecidual. Apesar disso, os mecanismos do condicionamento isquêmico remoto são pouco compreendidos, o que pode levar a uma aplicação incorreta. Objetivos Avaliar se o condicionamento isquêmico remoto funciona no coração e no cérebro através do aprimoramento da defesa antioxidante das células e se é uma resposta sustentada ou temporária. Métodos Vinte e um ratos Wistar foram divididos em três grupos (n = 7): SHAM, no qual não foi realizado condicionamento isquêmico; RIC 10, no qual 10 minutos após o protocolo de condicionamento isquêmico, foi realizada a coleta dos órgãos; e RIC 60, no qual 60 minutos após o protocolo de condicionamento isquêmico, foi realizada a coleta dos órgãos. O protocolo de condicionamento isquêmico remoto consistiu em três ciclos de 5 minutos de isquemia, seguidos de 5 minutos de perfusão no membro posterior esquerdo, com duração total de 30 minutos. Amostras foram usadas para medir a capacidade antioxidante do tecido. Resultados O condicionamento isquêmico remoto aumentou a capacidade antioxidante do coração e do cérebro após 10 minutos (0,746 ± 0,160/0,801 ± 0,227 mM/L) quando comparado ao SHAM (0,523 ± 0,078/0,404 ± 0,124 mM/L) . Sessenta minutos após o condicionamento isquêmico remoto, não foi detectado aumento da capacidade antioxidante do coração ou do cérebro (0,551 ± 0,073/0,455 ± 0,107 mM/L). Conclusões O condicionamento isquêmico remoto melhora temporariamente as defesas antioxidantes do coração e do cérebro em ratos Wistar.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Ischemic Preconditioning , Coronary Vessels , Cerebrum/blood supply , Reperfusion , Rats, Wistar , Protective Factors , Antioxidants
5.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 22(258): 3351-3355, nov.2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1053414

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Elaborar e validar um manual obstétrico direcionado aos profissionais da atenção primária, do município de Marabá-PA. Método: Trata-se de pesquisa aplicada de tecnologia educacional, de natureza experimental que objetiva a criação de um manual a ser utilizado em consultas de pré-natal por profissionais da atenção primária. Após a confecção do manual seguiu-se com a validação. Neste trabalho foi utilizada a teoria da psicometria de acordo com Pasquali, optou-se por capturar 06 especialistas de acordo com a área de interesse para validação, sendo utilizada a escala tipo Likert. Resultados: Quanto à validação junto aos especialistas todos os itens foram considerados validados, haja vista terem apresentado IVC (Índice de Validade do Conteúdo) maior que 0,78 ou 78%. Conclusão: Após o manual elaborado foi considerado validado em conteúdo e aparência por especialistas, sendo importante a realização de estudo posterior para verificar o seu impacto na cidade de Marabá na qual será utilizado.(AU)


Objective: Elaborate and validate an obstetric manual aimed at primary care professionals, from the municipality of Marabá-PA. Method This is applied research of educational technology, of experimental nature that aims to create a manual to be used in prenatal consultations by primary care professionals. After the manual was created, it was followed by validation. In this work the psychometry theory was used according to Pasquali, it was chosen to capture 06 specialists according to the area of interest for validation, using the Likert scale. Results: Regarding the validation with the experts, all items were considered validated, since they presented IVC (Content Validity Index) greater than 0.78 or 78%. Conclusion: After the elaborated manual was considered validated in content and appearance by specialists, being important to carry out a later study to verify its impact in the city of Marabá where it will be used.(AU)


Objetivo: Elaborar y validar un manual obstétrico dirigido a los profesionales de la atención primaria, del municipio de Marabá-PA. Método Se trata de investigación aplicada de tecnología educativa, de naturaleza experimental que objetiva la creación de un manual a ser utilizado en consultas de prenatal por profesionales de la atención primaria. Después de la confección del manual se siguió con la validación. En este trabajo se utilizó la teoría de la psicometría de acuerdo con Pasquali, se optó por capturar a 06 especialistas de acuerdo con el área de interés para validación, siendo utilizada la escala tipo Likert. Resultados: En cuanto a la validación junto a los especialistas, todos los ítems se consideraron validados, habiéndose visto que el índice de validez del contenido (índice de validez del contenido) mayor que 0,78 o 78%. Conclusión: Después del manual elaborado fue considerado validado en contenido y apariencia por especialistas, siendo importante la realización de estudio posterior para verificar su impacto en la ciudad de Marabá en la que será utilizado.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , Primary Health Care , Educational Technology , Obstetric Nursing , Maternal and Child Health
6.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 25(5): 379-383, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042353

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction Games are recognized tools that can be used for teaching, awareness-building and behavioral change. In the world of competitive sports, it is necessary to both educate athletes and make them aware that doping is an unsportsmanlike practice, particularly because this conduct can be life-threatening. A game called "Heart at Risk" was developed in this context for the purpose of teaching athletes which substances are characterized as doping by the World Antidoping Agency, and to raise their awareness of health hazards through entertainment. Objective Present and empirically evaluate the efficacy of the game as a tool for educating athletes on substances characterized as doping. Methods The sample group was formed by 20 players in the under-20 category of Clube do Remo (Rowing Club), aged over 18 years. The athletes underwent a pre-test, played the Heart at Risk game, and took a post-test at the end. Both tests were related to healthy sport practices (positive factors) and to doping substances (negative factors). Results Regarding the knowledge of positive factors, there was an increase of knowledge in relation to low doses of caffeine (∆ = 40%; p-value= 0.0125) and doping assessment (∆ = 55%; p-value = 0.0017). Regarding negative factors, there was an increase of knowledge in relation to diuretics (∆ = 25%; p-value = 0.0455), contaminated thermogenic (∆ = 35%; p-value = 0.0191), growth hormone-GH (∆ = 50%; p-value = 0.0025), contaminated supplements (∆ = 65%; p-value = 0.0007), and testosterone (∆ = 55%; p-value = 0.0017). Conclusion The Heart at Risk game proved to be an effective resource in the process of learning about prohibited substances and positive factors for sports performance. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.


RESUMO Introdução Jogos são reconhecidos instrumentos que podem ser usados para ensino, conscientização e mudança de comportamentos. No competitivo mundo esportivo, educar e conscientizar que doping é uma prática antiesportiva são duas necesidades, principalmente porque essa atitude pode colocar a vida do atleta em risco. Nesse contexto, foi desenvolvido um jogo, chamado Coração em Jogo, com o objetivo de ensinar aos atletas quais substâncias são caracterizadas como doping pela World Anti-Doping Agency, e ludicamente conscientizá-los dos riscos para a saúde. Objetivo Apresentar e avaliar empiricamente a eficácia do Coração em Jogo como ferramenta para educação de atletas sobre substâncias caracterizadas como doping. Métodos A amostra foi formada por 20 jogadores da categoria sub-20 do Clube do Remo, com idade superior a 18 anos. Os atletas realizaram pré-teste e jogaram o Coração em Jogo, e, ao término, foi aplicado um pós-teste. Ambos os testes eram relativos a práticas esportivas saudáveis (fatores positivos) e sobre substâncias dopantes (fatores negativos). Resultados Em relação ao conhecimento de fatores positivos, houve aumento do conhecimento em baixas doses de cafeína (∆ = 40%; valor de p = 0,0125) e avaliação de dopagem (∆ = 55%; valor de p = 0,0017). Em relação aos fatores negativos, ocorreu aumento do conhecimento em diuréticos (∆ = 25%; valor de p = 0,0455), termogênico contaminado (∆ = 35%; valor de p = 0,0191), hormônio do crescimento (∆ = 50%; valor de p=0,0025), suplementos contaminados (∆ = 65%; valor de p = 0,0007) e testosterona (∆ = 55%; valor de p = 0,0017). Conclusão O Coração em Jogo mostrou-se recurso eficaz na aprendizagem das substâncias proibidas e dos fatores positivos para desempenho do esporte. Nível de Evidência IV; Série de casos.


RESUMEN Introducción Los juegos son reconocidos instrumentos que pueden ser usados para enseñanza, concientización y cambio de comportamientos. En el competitivo mundo deportivo, educar y concientizar que doping es una práctica antideportiva son dos necesidades, principalmente porque esa actitud puede poner la vida del atleta en riesgo. En este contexto se desarrolló un juego llamado "Corazón en juego (Coração em Jogo en su nombre en portugués)", con el objetivo de enseñar a los atletas qué sustancias son caracterizadas como doping por la World Antidoping Agency, y lúdicamente concientizarse de los riesgos para su salud. Objetivo Presentar y evaluar empíricamente la eficacia de "Corazón en Juego", como una herramienta para la educación de atletas sobre sustancias que se caracterizan como doping. Métodos La muestra fue formada por 20 jugadores de la categoría sub-20 del Club del Remo, con edad superior a 18 años. Los atletas realizaron test previo y jugaron "Corazón en Juego", y al término se aplicó un test posterior. Ambos tests se referían a prácticas deportivas saludables (factores positivos) y sobre sustancias dopantes (factores negativos). Resultados Con relación al conocimiento de factores positivos, hubo aumento del conocimiento en bajas dosis de cafeína (Δ = 40%, valor de p = 0,0125) y evaluación de dopaje (Δ = 55%; valor de p = 0,0017). Con relación a los factores negativos, ocurrió aumento del conocimiento en diuréticos (Δ = 25%, valor de p = 0,0455), termogénico contaminado (Δ = 35%, valor de p = 0,0191), hormona del crecimiento (Δ = 50%, valor de p = 0,0025), suplementos contaminados (Δ = 65%, valor de p = 0,0007) y testosterona (Δ = 55%, valor de p = 0,0017). Conclusión "Corazón en Juego", se mostró un recurso eficaz en el aprendizaje de las sustancias prohibidas y de los factores positivos para desempeño del deporte. Nivel de evidencia IV; Serie de casos.

7.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 32(3): e1451, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038028

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Hypovolemic shock is a common disease in polytrauma patients and may develop ischemia in various organs, increasing morbidity and mortality. The bowel is usually most affected by this condition. Aim: To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil on the intestinal mucosa's injury of rats submitted to hypovolemic shock. Method: Fifteen rats were divided into three groups: sham - simulated surgery; ischemia - animals submitted to hypovolemic shock; and copaiba - animals submitted to hypovolemic shock previously treated with copaiba oil. Mean blood pressure, arterial blood gas after shock induction, degree of intestinal lesion and villus length were evaluated. Results: The sham presented the lowest values of lactate and PaCO2 and the highest values of mean arterial pressure, pH and bicarbonate in relation to the other groups. The degree of mesenteric lesion was zero in the sham group; 3.00±1.00 in the ischemia group; and 3.00±0.71 in the copaiba group. The villus length was 173.60±8.42 in the sham, 142.77±8.33 in the ischemia and 143.01±9.57 in the copaiba group. There was a significant difference between the sham and the other groups (p<0.05); however, there not significant difference between groups Ischemia and copaiba. Conclusion: Administration of copaiba oil did not reduce the intestinal mucosa lesion of rats after hypovolemic shock.


RESUMO Racional: O choque hipovolêmico é situação comum em pacientes politraumatizados, podendo acarretar isquemia de vários órgãos, aumentando a morbimortalidade. O intestino é geralmente um dos órgãos mais afetados por essa condição. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do óleo de copaíba na lesão da mucosa intestinal de ratos submetidos ao choque hipovolêmico. Métodos: Quinze ratos foram distribuídos em três grupos: Sham - operação simulada; isquemia - submissão ao choque hipovolêmico; e copaíba - submissão ao choque hipovolêmico previamente tratados com óleo de copaíba. A pressão arterial média, a gasometria arterial após a indução do choque, o grau da lesão intestinal e o tamanho das vilosidades foram avaliados. Resultados: O grupo sham apresentou os menores valores de lactato e PaCO2 e os maiores valores de pressão arterial média, pH e bicarbonato em relação aos demais grupos. O grau de lesão mesentérica foi de zero no sham; 3,0±1,00 no grupo isquemia; e 3,0±0,71 no da copaíba. O comprimento dos vilos foi de 173,60±8,42 no grupo sham, 142,77±8,33 no da isquemia e 143,01±9,57 no da copaíba. Houve diferença significante entre o grupo sham e os demais grupos (p<0.05); contudo, não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos submetidos ao choque hipovolêmico. Conclusão: A administração do óleo de copaíba não reduziu a lesão da mucosa intestinal de ratos submetidos ao choque hipovolêmico.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Shock/drug therapy , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects , Fabaceae/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Plant Oils/therapeutic use , Plant Oils/chemistry , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal , Ileum/pathology , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Ischemia/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry
8.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 31(2): e1364, 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949223

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The best site for splenic implant was not defined, mainly evaluating the functionality of the implant. Aim: To evaluate the effects of autogenous splenic implantation on the subcutaneous tissue in the survival of splenectomized rats. Method: Twenty-one randomly assigned rats were studied in three groups (n=7): group 1 - manipulation of the abdominal cavity and preservation of the spleen; group 2 - total splenectomy; group 3 - splenectomy and implant of the tissue removed in the subcutaneous. The animals were followed for 90 days postoperatively. Results: There was a higher mortality in groups 2 (p=0.0072) and 3 (p=0.0172) in relation to group 1. There was no difference between groups 2 and 3 (p=0.9817). Conclusion: The splenic implant in the subcutaneous is ineffective in the survival of rats submitted to splenectomy.


RESUMO Racional: O melhor sítio para implante esplênico não foi definido, principalmente avaliando a funcionalidade do implante. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do implante esplênico autógeno subcutâneo na sobrevida de ratos esplenectomizados. Métodos: Foram estudados 21 ratos alocados aleatoriamente em três grupos (n=7): grupo 1 - manipulação da cavidade abdominal e preservação do baço; grupo 2 - esplenectomia total; grupo 3 - esplenectomia e implante do tecido retirado no subcutâneo. Os animais foram acompanhados por 90 dias pós-operatórios. Resultados: Houve mortalidade maior nos grupos 2 (p=0,0072) e 3 (p=0,0172) em relação ao grupo 1. Não houve diferença entre os grupos 2 e 3 (p=0,9817). Conclusão: O implante esplênico no subcutâneo é ineficaz na sobrevida de ratos submetidos à esplenectomia.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Spleen/transplantation , Subcutaneous Tissue/surgery , Splenectomy , Random Allocation , Survival Rate , Organ Transplantation/mortality , Rats, Wistar
9.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(11): 949-955, Nov. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886182

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effects of hypertonic saline solution associated to remote ischemic perconditioning in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: 25 male rats (Wistar) were distributed into five groups: Sham group (S); Ischemia/Reperfusion group (I/R) with 30 minutes of liver ischemia; Remote ischemic perconditioning group (Per) with three cycles of 10 minutes of I/R performed during liver ischemia; Hypertonic saline solution group (HSS) treated with hypertonic saline solution (4ml/kg); Remote ischemic perconditioning + Hypertonic saline solution group (Per+HSS) with both treatments. Results: Per+HSS group showed a lower degree of liver dysfunction in relation to I/R group, whereas the technique of remote ischemic perconditioning isolated or associated with saline solution significantly improved liver function and reduced histological damage. Conclusion: Remote ischemic perconditioning associated or not to saline solution promoted reduction of acute liver injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Saline Solution, Hypertonic/pharmacology , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Ischemic Preconditioning/methods , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Liver/blood supply , Serum Albumin/analysis , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Statistics, Nonparametric , Disease Models, Animal , Liver/drug effects
10.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 44(5): 471-475, Sept.-Oct. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896622

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a model of training in video-surgery, of low cost and that uses a smartphone as an image-generating source. Methods: We developed a 38cm high, 40cm wide, 40cm long hexagonal-shaped training box, with a front opening of 12x8 cm for coupling the smartphone. The internal illumination is made with LED lamps and for the support of the smartphone, we used a selfie stick, fixed in the upper part of the box, that allows control of height, distance, angulation, and the coupling of devices with different formats. We selected 20 undergraduate students without previous training in video-surgery, who performed four exercises in the box, with assessment of the time and amount of errors in the execution of the tasks. Each student completed the training for three consecutive weeks. We collected the data in spreadsheets for later analysis. Results: Nineteen students completed the training program, with significant improvement in the times and in the number of errors. Conclusion: the developed model was feasible and promoted the acquisition of skills in this group of students. In addition, it presents low cost, is portable and uses common equipment, such as smartphones.


RESUMO Objetivo: desenvolver modelo de treinamento em vídeo-cirurgia, de baixo custo e que utiliza smartphone como fonte geradora de imagem. Métodos: foi desenvolvida uma caixa de treinamento em formato hexagonal de 38cm de altura, 40cm de largura e 40cm de comprimento e com abertura na região frontal de 12x8 cm para acoplamento do smartphone. A iluminação interna é feita com lâmpadas de LED e para o suporte do smartphone foi utilizado um selfiestick, fixado na parte superior da caixa, que permite controle de altura, distância, angulação, e possibilita acoplamento de aparelhos com diferentes formatos. Foram selecionados 20 alunos de graduação, sem treinamento prévio em vídeo-cirurgia, que realizaram quatro exercícios na caixa com aferição do tempo e quantidade de erros na execução das tarefas. Cada aluno realizou o treinamento durante três semanas consecutivas. Os dados foram coletados em planilhas e analisados posteriormente. Resultados: dezenove alunos concluíram o treinamento, com melhora significante nos tempos e na quantidade de erros. Conclusão: o modelo desenvolvido mostrou-se viável e promoveu a aquisição de habilidades neste grupo de alunos. Além disso, apresenta baixo custo, é portátil e utiliza equipamento comum, como smartphones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Computer-Assisted Instruction , Models, Educational , Laparoscopy/education , Education, Medical/methods , Smartphone
11.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(8): 599-606, Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886224

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate if combination of perconditioning and postconditioning provides improved renal protection compared to perconditioning alone in a model of renal reperfusion injury. Methods: Thirty rats were assigned into 6 groups: normality; sham; ischemia and reperfusion; postconditioning; perconditioning; perconditioning + postconditioning. Animals were subjected to right nephrectomy and left renal ischemia for 30 minutes. Postconditioning consisted of 3 cycles of 5 min renal perfusion followed by 5 min of renal ischemia after major ischemic period. Perconditioning consisted of 3 cycles of 5 min hindlimb ischemia followed by 5 min of hindlimb perfusion contemporaneously to renal major ischemic period. After 24 hours, kidney was harvested and blood collected to measure urea and creatinine. Results: Perconditioning obtained better values for creatinine and urea level than only postconditioning (p<0.01); performing both techniques contemporaneously had no increased results (p>0.05). Regarding tissue structure, perconditioning was the only technique to protect the glomerulus and tubules (p<0.05), while postconditioning protected only the glomerulus (p<0.05). Combination of both techniques shows no effect on glomerulus or tubules (p>0.05). Conclusions: Perconditioning had promising results on ischemia and reperfusion induced kidney injury, enhanced kidney function and protected glomerulus and tubules. There was no additive protection when postconditioning and perconditioning were combined.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Ischemic Preconditioning/methods , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Ischemia/prevention & control , Kidney/blood supply , Time Factors , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Rats, Wistar , Models, Animal , Kidney/pathology
12.
J. vasc. bras ; 16(3): f:195-l:198, jul.-set. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-876805

ABSTRACT

Contexto: O acesso vascular é o procedimento mais comum realizado entre pacientes hospitalizados. Assim, na tentativa de minimizar complicações e aliar conhecimento técnico ao conhecimento teórico, os modelos de simulação são capazes de oferecer um ambiente seguro para profissionais em formação e evitar os dilemas éticos de treinamento direto em pacientes. Com esse objetivo, surgiram diversos manequins de treinamento, mas devido ao seu alto custo eles não são acessíveis a todos, e com frequência os profissionais em formação da área da saúde realizam procedimentos sem que tenham um treinamento prévio. Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo de ensino e treinamento de acesso vascular periférico, utilizando um modelo de baixo custo para fins educacionais. Método: Para reproduzir a via periférica de acesso, utilizou-se um macarrão de polietileno com equipos de infusão, com uma extremidade em fundo cego e a outra conectada a duas bolsas de 500 mL de soro fisiológico acrescido de corante. A bolsa foi instalada em um suporte metálico. Resultado: O formato sugerido para o modelo apresentou semelhança com a anatomia do antebraço simplificada. O modelo se mostrou prático na punção e, devido à sua extensão, tem-se a possibilidade de puncionar diversas vezes o mesmo modelo, facilitando o treinamento. Conclusão: O modelo proposto permite o treinamento de acesso vascular periférico, sendo uma alternativa de baixo custo que pode ser utilizada para fins educacionais


Background: Vascular access is the procedure performed with greatest frequency in hospitalized patients. Simulation models are intended to minimize complications and combine technical and theoretical knowledge, offering a safe environment for training health professionals that avoids the ethical dilemmas of conducting initial training with patients. Many different training dolls have been developed to achieve this objective, but their high cost means they are not universally available, and it is common for unqualified health professionals to perform procedures on patients with no previous practice. Objective: To develop a low-cost educational model for teaching and training peripheral vascular access. Method: Peripheral access routes were reproduced using a polyethylene foam noodle and infusion kits, each with one extremity sealed off and the other connected to one of two 500 mL packs of saline, dyed red or blue. The packs were hung on a metal stand. Results: The structure chosen for the model was similar to a simplified version of the anatomy of the forearm. The model proved to be practical for puncture and, because of its length, the same model can be punctured multiple times, facilitating training. Conclusions: The model proposed here enables training of peripheral vascular access and is a low-cost option that can be used for educational purposes


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Vessels , Manikins , Patients , Simulation Training/methods , Education, Medical/methods , Experimental Development , Health Human Resource Training , Hospitalization , Knowledge
13.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 30(1): 27-29, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837554

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Mesenteric ischemia is a challenging diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis can lead to extent bowel necrosis and poor outcomes. Ischemia and reperfusion syndrome plays an important role in this scenario. Aim: To access effects of different post-conditioning cycles on mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion syndrome. Method: Twenty-five rats were assigned into five groups: Sham, used to establish normal parameters; control group, submitted to mesenteric ischemia for 30 min; in groups GP3, GP1 and GP30, ischemia was followed by post-conditioning protocol, which consisted of 1 cycle of 3 min (GP3), 3 cycles of 1 min (GP1) or 6 cycles of 30 s (GP30), respectively. Ileum samples were harvested after one hour of reperfusion. Intestinal mucosal injury was evaluated through histopathological analysis. Results: The average of mesenteric injury degree was 0 in the sham group, 3.6 in the control group, 3.4 in GP3, 3.2 in GP1, and 3.0 in GP30; villous length average was 161.59 in sham group, 136.27 in control group, 135.89 in GP3, 129.46 in GP1, and 135.18 in GP30. Was found significant difference between sham and other groups (p<0.05); however, there was no difference among post-conditioning groups. Conclusion: Post-conditioning adopted protocols were not able to protect intestinal mucosa integrity after mesenteric ischemia and short term reperfusion.


RESUMO Racional: O desfecho satisfatório na abordagem cirúrgica da obesidade deve contemplar, além da perda de peso, alteração significativa nas comorbidades preexistentes e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida no pós-operatório tardio de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de gastrectomia vertical por videolaparoscopia. Métodos: Foi aplicado o questionário "Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System" (BAROS) em pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia vertical por videolaparoscopia. Resultados: Foram avaliados 47 pacientes, entre 21 e 60 anos de idade. O IMC médio antes da operação era 43,06±5,87 kg/m². A média percentual de redução do excesso de peso após foi de 85,46±23,6%. A pontuação obtida pelos pacientes no questionário sobre a melhora na qualidade de vida evidenciou resultado excelente (36,17%), ótimo (40,43%), bom (21,28%) e razoável (2,13%). Houve melhora clínica após a operação em todas as comorbidades investigadas. Conclusão: A perda de peso foi fundamental para a melhoria na qualidade de vida e proporcionou resolução ou a melhora clínica em todas as comorbidades investigadas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Reperfusion/methods , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Mesenteric Ischemia/prevention & control , Mesentery/blood supply , Time Factors , Clinical Protocols , Rats, Wistar
14.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(3): 211-218, Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837686

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effects of hypertonic saline solution associated to remote ischemic perconditioning in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: Twenty five male rats (Wistar) underwent right nephrectomy and were distributed into five groups: Sham group (S); Ischemia/Reperfusion group (I/R) with 30 minutes of renal ischemia; Remote ischemic perconditioning group (Per) with three cycles of 10 minutes of I/R performed during kidney ischemia; Hypertonic saline solution group (HSS) treated with hypertonic saline solution (4ml/kg); remote ischemic perconditioning + Hypertonic saline solution group (Per+HSS) with both treatments. After reperfusion, blood samples were collected for BUN and creatinine serum levels analyzes. TBARS were evaluated in plasma and renal tissue to assess oxidative stress. Kidney histopathological examination were performed. Results: Per+HSS group showed a lower degree of renal dysfunction in relation to I/R group, whereas the technique of remote ischemic perconditioning isolated or associated with saline solution significantly reduced oxidative stress and histological damage. Conclusion: Remote ischemic perconditioning associated or not to saline solution promoted reduction of acute renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Saline Solution, Hypertonic/pharmacology , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Ischemic Preconditioning/methods , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Ischemia/prevention & control , Kidney/blood supply , Thiobarbiturates/analysis , Time Factors , Blood Urea Nitrogen , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Rats, Wistar , Oxidative Stress , Creatinine/blood , Kidney/physiopathology , Kidney/pathology , Kidney/chemistry , Kidney Function Tests , Necrosis
15.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(3): 229-235, Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837690

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effects of tramadol hydrochloride associated to remote ischemic perconditioning on oxidative stress. Methods: Twenty five male rats (Wistar) underwent right nephrectomy and were distributed into five groups: Sham group (S); Ischemia/Reperfusion group (I/R) with 30 minutes of renal ischemia; Remote ischemic perconditioning group (Per) with three cycles of 10 minutes of I/R performed during kidney ischemia; Tramadol group (T) treated with tramadol hydrochloride (40mg/kg); remote ischemic perconditioning + Tramadol group (Per+T) with both treatments. Oxidative stress was assessed after 24 hours of reperfusion. Results: Statistical differences were observed in MDA levels between I/R group with all groups (p<0.01), in addition there was difference between Tramadol with Sham, Per and Per+T groups (p<0.05), both in plasma and renal tissue. Conclusion: Remote ischemic perconditioning was more effective reducing renal ischemia-reperfusion injury than administration of tramadol or association of both treatments.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Tramadol/pharmacology , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Ischemic Preconditioning/methods , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Ischemia/prevention & control , Kidney/blood supply , Time Factors , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Rats, Wistar , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Ischemia/metabolism , Kidney/metabolism , Malondialdehyde/analysis
16.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(12): 821-825, Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837663

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate the Adipose Stem Cells (ACS) therapy efficacy on the time and quality of wound healing process in rats. METHODS: Nine male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups I) 7 days of healing; II) 14 days of healing; III) 21 days of healing. Four incisions were made on the dorsal surface of each rat and then treated with intralesional ACS, meloxicam, and no treatment and ACS+meloxicam. Macroscopic evaluation was measured by percentage of healing and histopathological by hematoxylin-eosin was performed. RESULTS: All groups have the wound reduced during the three weeks (p<0.001) and after 14 days of healing had greater reduction than others. Wounds treated with ASC had accelerated healing in relation to no treatment and only meloxicam (p<0.001), excepting the ASC+Meloxicam that was similar (p=0.13). There was no difference in histopathological analysis between lesions. CONCLUSION: Adipose stem cell have benefits in reducing time of healing of experimental model of wound in rats, observed 7 days of after application.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Stem Cells/physiology , Wound Healing/physiology , Wounds and Injuries/therapy , Adipose Tissue/cytology , Stem Cell Transplantation , Treatment Outcome , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal , Antigens, Surface
17.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 43(5): 348-353, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829607

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effects of blocking the regulation of vascular tone on the ischemia and reperfusion syndrome in rats through the use of lidocaine in the postconditioning technique. Methods: we randomized 35 rats into seven groups of five animals: Group 1- Control; Group 2- Ischemia and Reperfusion; Group 3- Ischemia, Reperfusion and Saline; Group 4- Ischemic Postconditioning; Group 5- Ischemic Postconditioning and Saline; Group 6- Lidocaine; Group 7- Ischemic Postconditioning and Lidocaine. Except for the control group, all the others were submitted to renal ischemia for 30 minutes. In postconditioning groups, we performed ischemia and reperfusion cycles of five minutes each, applied right after the main ischemia. In saline and lidocaine groups, we instilled the substances at a rate of two drops per minute. To compare the groups, we measured serum levels of urea and creatinine and also held renal histopathology. Results: The postconditioning and postconditioning + lidocaine groups showed a decrease in urea and creatinine values. The lidocaine group showed only a reduction in creatinine values. In histopathology, only the groups submitted to ischemic postconditioning had decreased degree of tubular necrosis. Conclusion: Lidocaine did not block the effects of postconditioning on renal ischemia reperfusion syndrome, and conferred better glomerular protection when applied in conjunction with ischemic postconditioning.


RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos do bloqueio da regulação do tônus vascular por meio do uso da lidocaína na técnica de pós-condicionamento isquêmico na síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos. Métodos: trinta e cinco ratos foram randomizados em sete grupos de cinco animais: Grupo 1- Controle; Grupo 2- Isquemia e Reperfusão; Grupo 3- Isquemia, Reperfusão e Solução Salina; Grupo 4- Pós-condicionamento Isquêmico; Grupo 5- Pós-condicionamento Isquêmico e Solução Salina; Grupo 6- Lidocaína; Grupo 7- Pós-condicionamento Isquêmico e lidocaína. Com exceção do grupo controle, todos os demais foram submetidos à isquemia renal de 30 minutos. Nos grupos de pós-condicionamento, foi realizado o ciclo de isquemia e reperfusão de cinco minutos cada, aplicado logo após a isquemia principal. Nos grupos salina e lidocaína foram instiladas as substâncias numa taxa de duas gotas por minuto. Para comparar os grupos, foram dosados os níveis séricos de ureia e creatinina e análise histopatológica renal. Resultados: os grupos pós-condicionamento e pós-condicionamento + lidocaína apresentaram uma redução nos valores de ureia e creatinina. O grupo lidocaína apresentou apenas uma redução nos valores de creatinina. Na análise histopatológica, apenas os grupos submetidos ao pós-condicionamento isquêmico apresentaram redução do grau de necrose tubular. Conclusão: a lidocaína não bloqueou os efeitos do pós-condicionamento na síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal, mas conferiu melhor na proteção glomerular quando aplicada em conjunto com o pós-condicionamento isquêmico.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Kidney/blood supply , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Lidocaine/therapeutic use , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar
18.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(10): 694-697, Oct. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-827648

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To verify the publication rate of the abstracts presented at the XII Brazilian Congress of Experimental Surgery. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study that evaluated if the abstracts accepted for presentation at the XII Brazilian Congress of Experimental Surgery were published in periodics. The information was acquired using the Scielo, Medline / Pubmed, LILACS and Google Scholar databases. RESULTS: From all the abstracts presented, only 77 (40.52%) were published in scientific journals. Of this total, 14 (18.18%) were published prior to the conference 35 (45.45%) in the same year that occurred congress, 56 (72.72%) in the period 2011-2013 and 63 (81, 81%) between the Congress and the year 2015. Regarding the geographical distribution of summaries, 42 (22%) were from the northern region, 19 (10%) from the Northeast, 8 (4%) Midwest, 116 (61%) from the Southeast and 5 (3%) from the south. CONCLUSION: The publication rate of the abstracts presented at the XII Brazilian Congress of Experimental Surgery was 40,52%, most from the state of Sao Paulo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Publishing/statistics & numerical data , General Surgery/statistics & numerical data , Congresses as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Biomedical Research/statistics & numerical data , Abstracting and Indexing/statistics & numerical data
19.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 28(4): 247-249, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-770259

ABSTRACT

Background: The instructions to authors are the only means of communication between researchers and the editorial standards of a scientific journal. One of the mandatory items to be contained therein is about the ethical part, to prevent new research to carry out abuses with the enrolled on the research are published and stimulated. Aim: To verify the ethical questions on the guidelines of Brazilian surgical journals Method: Thirteen selected journals were divided into two groups: general surgery (n=3), and surgical specialty (n=10). The instructions to authors were analyzed by the quote of ethical requirements based on a specific research protocol, ranging from zero to six points. Results: The average score of the general surgery group was similar than that of the surgical specialty group (3.66±0.57 vs 3.30±1.15, p=0.6154). When each ethical requirement was compared between the groups, there was no significant difference between the ethical requirements (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was respect for most ethical questions evaluated, with no difference between the journals of general or specialty surgery.


Racional: As instruções aos autores são a principal comunicação entre os pesquisadores e as políticas editoriais. Um dos itens obrigatórios que devem conter é sobre a parte ética, para evitar que novas pesquisas que realizem abusos com os incluídos na pesquisa sejam publicadas e estimuladas. Objetivo: Verificar os quesitos éticos das instruções aos autores de revistas cirúrgicas nacionais. Método: Treze revistas escolhidas aleatoriamente do campo cirúrgico foram selecionadas. As instruções aos autores foram analisadas com base em protocolo de pesquisa contendo seis itens que devem obrigatoriamente conter nas instruções aos autores. Resultados: A média da pontuação do grupo de revistas gerais foi semelhante que o grupo de revistas sobre especialidades cirúrgicas (3,66±0,57vs3,30±1,15, p=0,6154). Quando cada quesito ético foi comparado entre os grupos, não houve diferença significativa entre os quesitos estudados (p>0,05). Conclusão: Houve respeito pela maioria dos quesitos éticos avaliados, sem diferença entre as revistas de cunho geral ou especializadas.


Subject(s)
Guidelines as Topic , Periodicals as Topic , Publishing , Specialties, Surgical , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies
20.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 28(3): 186-189, July-Sept. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762825

ABSTRACT

Background:The use of meshes in hernia surgical repair promoted revolution in the surgical area; however, some difficulties had come, such as a large area of fibrosis, greater postoperative pain and risk of infection. The search for new substances that minimize these effects should be encouraged. Medicinal plants stand out due possible active ingredients that can act on these problems.Aim:To check the copaiba oil influence in the repair of abdominal defects in rats corrected with Vicryl(c) mesh. Method:Twenty-four Wistar rats were submitted to an abdominal defect and corrected with Vicryl(c) mesh. They were distributed into two groups: control and copaíba via gavage, administered for seven days after surgery. The analysis of the animals took place on 8, 15 and 22 postoperative days. It analyzed the amount of adhesions and microscopic analysis of the mesh.Results:There was no statistical difference regarding the amount of adhesions. All animals had signs of acute inflammation. In the control group, there were fewer macrophages in animals of the 8th compared to other days and greater amount of necrosis on day 8 than on day 22. In the copaiba group, the number of gigantocytes increased compared to the days analyzed.Conclusion:Copaiba oil showed an improvement in the inflammatory response accelerating its beginning; however, did not affect the amount of abdominal adhesions or collagen fibers.


Racional:A utilização de telas nas herniorrafias foi grande revolução na área cirúrgica; contudo, elas trouxeram algumas dificuldades, como grande área de fibrose, maior dor pós-operatória e risco de infecção. A busca por novas substâncias que minimizem esses efeitos deve ser estimulada. As plantas medicinais se destacam por apresentaram conjunto de princípios ativos que podem atuar em todos esses problemas.Objetivo:Verificar se o óleo de copaíba influência no reparo de defeitos abdominais em ratos corrigidos com tela de Vicryl®.Método:Vinte e quatro ratas Wistar foram submetidas a um defeito abdominal e corrigidos com tela de Vicryl®. Elas foram distribuídas em dois grupos: controle e copaíba via gavagem, administrada durante sete dias após a operação. A análise dos animais ocorreu nos dias 8, 15 e 22 de pós-operatório. Foi analisada a quantidade de aderências e feita análise microscópica da tela.Resultados:Não houve diferença estatística em relação à quantidade de aderências. Todos os animais tiveram sinais de inflamação aguda. No grupo controle, houve menor quantidade de macrófagos nos animais do dia 8 em relação aos demais dias e maior quantidade de necrose no dia 8 do que no dia 22. No grupo copaíba, o número de gigantócitos aumentou em relação aos dias analisados.Conclusão:O óleo de copaíba mostrou melhora na resposta inflamatória acelerando o seu início; contudo, não interferiu na quantidade de aderências abdominais ou fibras colágenas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Balsams/therapeutic use , Hernia, Ventral/surgery , Herniorrhaphy/instrumentation , Surgical Mesh , Rats, Wistar
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL